The following information pertains to Marvolo, Inc. What is the sales volume (in units) required to obtain a target AFTER-TAX profit of $120,000? Selling price per unit $100 Variable costs per unit $80 Total fixed costs $400,000 Tax rate 40% 10,000 units 30.000 units 35,000 units 7.500 units QUESTION 38 Middle Inc income statement is as follows: 0930

Answers

Answer 1

Marvolo, Inc will have to sell 30,000 units to obtain a target after-tax profit of $120,000. the correct option is b.

Selling price per unit is $100, Variable costs per unit are $80, Total fixed costs are $400,000, and the Tax rate is 40%. The formula to calculate target sales volume is as follows:

Sales Volume = (Fixed Costs + Target Profit) / (Price - Variable Costs)

However, we need to calculate the amount of sales volume needed to obtain an after-tax profit of $120,000 for Marvolo, Inc, given that it has fixed costs of $400,000, selling price per unit is $100, variable costs per unit are $80, and the tax rate is 40%.

First, we need to calculate the amount of pre-tax profit we need to earn to meet our after-tax profit target of $120,000, which is as follows:

Pre-Tax Profit = After-Tax Profit / (1 - Tax Rate)Pre-Tax Profit = $120,000 / (1 - 0.40) = $200,000

Next, we will use the formula mentioned above, to calculate the sales volume required to achieve the $200,000 pre-tax profit.

Sales Volume = (Fixed Costs + Target Profit) / (Price - Variable Costs)

Sales Volume = ($400,000 + $200,000) / ($100 - $80)

Sales Volume = 600,000 / 20Sales Volume = 30,000 units

Therefore, Marvolo, Inc will have to sell 30,000 units to obtain a target after-tax profit of $120,000. The correct option is b.

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Related Questions

(A) Under a free economy, market equilibrium in the catering industry is determined by the forces of demand and supply.

Suppose ABC is a food product with its price and quantity demanded now in equilibrium and is considered to be a normal good.
All other things being equal, production technology improves which increases its supply, and at the same time, the income level of population rises making the demand change too.

Describe briefly with diagrams the change of supply, demand, and the equilibrium price. (10 marks)

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The improvement in production technology leads to an increase in the supply of ABC food products, shifting the supply curve to the right.

The rise in income levels of the population results in an increase in demand for ABC, shifting the demand curve to the right as well. The equilibrium price will depend on the magnitude of the changes in supply and demand, but it is expected to decrease if the increase in supply outweighs the increase in demand or increase if the increase in demand is larger than the increase in supply. A diagram illustrating the initial equilibrium, the rightward shift in supply, and the rightward shift in demand can provide a visual representation of these changes.

In the diagram, the supply curve will shift to the right, indicating an increase in supply. The demand curve will also shift to the right, reflecting an increase in demand. The new equilibrium price will be determined at the intersection of the new supply and demand curves. The extent of the price change will depend on the relative magnitude of the shifts in supply and demand.

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how a company handles its credit accounts, including methods of invoicing and collecting past-due accounts, is indicated by the company’s .

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The term that fits in the blank is 'Accounts Receivable.'

The accounts receivable of a company is a record of the outstanding payments due from its clients for services or goods delivered but not yet billed or paid for. They are usually the amounts owed to a business by its customers and arise from sales or services provided on credit. The credit accounts that a company offers and the way it handles them are crucial because they are essentially providing interest-free loans to their clients. Companies need to ensure that they have a well-defined credit policy and the proper controls and procedures in place to handle their accounts receivable appropriately. Methods of Invoicing: Invoice generation: They should have a well-defined process for invoicing to make sure that all sales made are appropriately documented and recorded in the company's books. Invoice management: A company should have a method of monitoring its invoice process to ensure that it is effectively and efficiently processing its invoices and addressing issues that may occur, such as late payments. Accounts receivable automation: Automating the process of generating and sending invoices can save a lot of time and help improve the accuracy of records. Methods of Collecting Past-due accounts: Collection letters: A company can send a collection letter to its clients, asking for payment or requesting that the clients contact the company to make payment arrangements. Third-party collections: If the company is unable to collect the amount owed from the client, it may hire a third-party collections agency to collect the payment on its behalf. Legal action: If all other collection attempts have failed, the company can take legal action against the client to recover the unpaid amount. In summary, a company’s accounts receivable are an indication of how it manages its credit accounts, including methods of invoicing and collecting past-due accounts.

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A. If this economy was an open economy without a
government sector , what would be the level of GDP and aggregate
expenditure ? ( 2 marks )
B. If the economy becomes an open economy with a government

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Answer: The impact of the government sector on GDP and aggregate expenditure would depend on the level of government spending and taxation. Government spending can contribute to aggregate expenditure, thereby increasing GDP. Conversely, taxation can reduce household disposable income, which may lead to a decrease in consumption and overall aggregate expenditure.

Explanation:

A. In an open economy without a government sector, the level of GDP and aggregate expenditure would be determined by the total spending by households (consumption), businesses (investment), and foreign entities (exports minus imports). The formula for aggregate expenditure is AE = C + I + (X - Z), where C represents consumption, I represents investment, X represents exports, and Z represents imports.

B. When the economy becomes an open economy with a government sector, the introduction of government spending and taxation would impact the level of GDP and aggregate expenditure. Government spending is typically represented as G in the aggregate expenditure equation.

The impact of the government sector on GDP and aggregate expenditure would depend on the level of government spending and taxation. Government spending can contribute to aggregate expenditure, thereby increasing GDP. Conversely, taxation can reduce household disposable income, which may lead to a decrease in consumption and overall aggregate expenditure.

Overall, the effect of the government sector on GDP and aggregate expenditure would be determined by the specific policies implemented, the magnitude of government spending and taxation, and how individuals and businesses respond to these changes.

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Hartford Bookstore is the bookstore on campus for students and faculty. The bookstore shows the following sales projections in units by quarter for the upcoming year. (Click the icon to view the unit

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By aggregating the units anticipated for each quarter, the overall sales prediction for the following year is 26,000 units. Hartford Bookstore is the bookstore on campus for students and faculty. The bookstore shows the following sales projections in units by quarter for the upcoming year.

Quarter 1: 6,000 units

Quarter 2: 7,000 units

Quarter 3: 8,000 units

Quarter 4: 5,000 units

The total sales projection of units for the upcoming year will be: 6,000 + 7,000 + 8,000 + 5,000 = 26,000 units.

The given sales projections of Hartford Bookstore by quarter for the upcoming year are as follows:

Quarter 1: 6,000 units

Quarter 2: 7,000 units

Quarter 3: 8,000 units

Quarter 4: 5,000 units

Therefore, the total sales projection of units for the upcoming year will be:6,000 + 7,000 + 8,000 + 5,000 = 26,000 units.

So, We got 26,000 units as the total sales projection of units for the upcoming year by adding the units projected for each quarter.

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As the price of a good 1 (on the horizontal axis) rises, the consumer will experience - a desire to consume a different bundle. - a decrease in utility. - a southwesterly movement on the indifference map. - All of the above

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As the price of a good 1 rises, the consumer will experience a desire to consume a different bundle, a decrease in utility, and a southwesterly movement on indifference map. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."

A consumer is an individual or entity that purchases and consumes goods or services to satisfy their needs and wants. In the context of economics, consumers play a central role in driving demand and influencing the market. They make choices and decisions based on factors such as price, quality, preferences, and budget constraints. Consumers are an integral part of the economic system as their spending patterns and behavior impact the overall production, distribution, and allocation of resources in the market.

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FJU Co. purchased land, a building, and equipment for a total cost of $540,000. After the purchase, the property was appraised. Fair values were determined to be $200,000 for the land, $400,000 for the building, and $300,000 for the equipment. Given these appraisals, record the purchase of the property by Warbler. 2. In recent years, Freeman Transportation purchased four used buses. Because of frequent turnover in the accounting department, a different accountant selected the depreciation method for each bus, and various methods were selected. Information concerning the buses is summarized below. Useful Life Residual Value Bus Acquired Cost in Years Depreciation Method 2018/1/1 £ 96,000 £6,000 5 Straight-line 2 2018/1/1 140,000 10,000 4 Declining-balance 3 2019/1/1 92,000 8,000 5 4 2020/1/1 60,000 6,000 S Units-of-activity Sum of year's digits method ( 5 For the declining-balance method, the company uses the double-declining rate. For the units-of-activity method, total miles are expected to be 120,000. Actual miles of use in the first 3 years were 2019, 24.000; 2020, 36,000; and 2021.31.000. Required: Compute the amount of accumulated depreciation on cach bus at December 31, 2020. MI 10

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The amount of accumulated depreciation on each bus at December 31, 2020 is $267,900

FJU Co. purchased land, a building, and equipment for a total cost of $540,000. The property was appraised and fair values were determined to be $200,000 for the land, $400,000 for the building, and $300,000 for the equipment. The journal entry for recording the purchase of the property by FJU Co. is as follows:

Assets Debit Credit

Land $200,000

Building $400,000

Equipment $300,000

Cash $540,000

Total $540,000

For calculating the accumulated depreciation, we have to first calculate the depreciation expense for each year using different methods as given below:

For Bus 1: The straight-line method will be used. Hence, depreciation expense per year will be

($96,000 - $6,000)/5 = $18,000

Depreciation expense for 2018 = $18,000

Depreciation expense for 2019 = $18,000

Depreciation expense for 2020 = $18,000

Total accumulated depreciation at the end of 2020 = $18,000 x 3 = $54,000

For Bus 2: The double-declining balance method will be used. Hence, the depreciation rate will be

2/4 = 50%.

Depreciation expense for 2018 = $140,000 x 50% = $70,000

Depreciation expense for 2019 = ($140,000 - $70,000) x 50% = $35,000

Depreciation expense for 2020 = ($140,000 - $70,000 - $35,000) x 50% = $17,500

Total accumulated depreciation at the end of 2020 = $70,000 + $35,000 + $17,500 = $122,500

For Bus 3: The sum-of-the-years’-digits method will be used. Depreciation expense per year will be 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 10. Depreciation expense for 2019 = $92,000 x 4/10 = $36,800

Depreciation expense for 2020 = $92,000 x 3/10 = $27,600

Total accumulated depreciation at the end of 2020 = $36,800 + $27,600 = $64,400

For Bus 4: The units-of-activity method will be used. Depreciation expense per unit of activity will be ($60,000 - $6,000)/120,000 = $0.45

Depreciation expense for 2019 = $0.45 x 24,000 = $10,800

Depreciation expense for 2020 = $0.45 x 36,000 = $16,200

Total accumulated depreciation at the end of 2020 = $10,800 + $16,200 = $27,000

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Suppose you are a pricing analyst for a big software company. You
have two types of clients who use your product. Type A’s inverse
demand is P = 100 – 6Q, where Q is users and P is in dollars. Type
B’s inverse demand is P = 86 – 3.5Q. Assume the constant
marginal cost of supplying software is 16 or MC = 16.
A. What price do you charge each type?
B. What is total producer surplus?
C. If the firm charges $58 per user for a package where the buyer can purchase any quantity she wishes and a price of $51 for any buyer willing to purchase 10 or more units, will this pricing strategy be incentive compatible?

Answers

The correct option is A. To determine the price for each type of client, we need to find the quantity where the marginal cost (MC) equals the inverse demand equation for each type.

For Type A:

MC = P = 100 - 6Q

16 = 100 - 6Q

6Q = 100 - 16

6Q = 84

Q = 14

Substituting the quantity back into the inverse demand equation:

P = 100 - 6(14)

P = 100 - 84

P = 16

Therefore, for Type A clients, the price should be $16 per user.

For Type B:

MC = P = 86 - 3.5Q

16 = 86 - 3.5Q

3.5Q = 86 - 16

3.5Q = 70

Q = 20

Substituting the quantity back into the inverse demand equation:

P = 86 - 3.5(20)

P = 86 - 70

P = 16

Therefore, for Type B clients, the price should also be $16 per user.

B. To calculate the total producer surplus, we need to find the area between the marginal cost curve and the demand curve for each type and sum them.

For Type A:

Producer Surplus A = (1/2) * (P - MC) * Q

Producer Surplus A = (1/2) * (16 - 16) * 14

Producer Surplus A = 0

For Type B:

Producer Surplus B = (1/2) * (P - MC) * Q

Producer Surplus B = (1/2) * (16 - 16) * 20

Producer Surplus B = 0

Total Producer Surplus = Producer Surplus A + Producer Surplus B

Total Producer Surplus = 0 + 0

Total Producer Surplus = 0

C. The pricing strategy mentioned will not be incentive compatible because it allows buyers who purchase 10 or more units to pay a lower price per unit ($51) compared to the regular price of $58 per unit. This creates a price discrepancy that may incentivize buyers to split their purchases into multiple transactions of fewer than 10 units to take advantage of the lower price. Therefore, the pricing strategy does not align incentives for buyers to make their optimal purchasing decisions.

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: QUESTION 10 The cost of education, professional athletes' pay, and medical services rise faster than the rate of goods and services because their average productivity has remained the same. True False

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True . The statement is true that the cost of education, professional athletes' pay, and medical services rise faster than the rate of goods and services because their average productivity has remained the same.

The statement is true because the cost of education, professional athletes' pay, and medical services are based on specialized skills and knowledge which are not affected by the same factors that impact the productivity of other goods and services. Therefore, the prices for these services rise faster than the rate of inflation.

The cost of education, professional athletes' pay, and medical services are often cited as examples of goods and services whose prices rise faster than the rate of inflation. This is because these goods and services are based on specialized skills and knowledge that are not easily replicated or affected by the same factors that impact the productivity of other goods and services. For example, the cost of education continues to rise because the demand for skilled labor continues to increase, while the supply of highly skilled workers remains relatively constant. This results in higher prices for educational services. Similarly, the pay for professional athletes continues to rise because the demand for entertainment continues to increase, while the number of highly skilled athletes remains relatively constant. This results in higher prices for professional sports services.

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Tesla Inc has a market return of 12 percent, a risk-free
treasury rate of return of 2.5 percent, and a beta of 1.8. Compute
Tesla’s share risk premium.
a. 4.5 percent. b. 9.5 percent. c. 17.1 percen

Answers

To compute Tesla's share risk premium, we need to subtract the risk-free rate of return from the market return and then multiply it by Tesla's beta.

Market Return = 12%

Risk-Free Rate = 2.5%

Beta = 1.8

Share Risk Premium = (Market Return - Risk-Free Rate) * Beta

Share Risk Premium = (12% - 2.5%) * 1.8

Share Risk Premium = 9.5% * 1.8

Share Risk Premium ≈ 17.1%

Therefore, the share risk premium for Tesla Inc is approximately 17.1%. So, the correct answer is c) 17.1 percent.

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Some first time house buyers are most concerned with financial
services (e.g., mortgage, house loan). Explain this in terms of the
total product concept.

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The concept of the total product is a marketing strategy that covers the full spectrum of a product's advantages and disadvantages in order to fulfil consumers' needs and wants. The total product concept can be described as the combination of all features that come with a product.

In this article, we will examine the significance of the total product concept in terms of financial services such as mortgage and house loans for first-time home buyers. Financial services are necessary for people who want to buy homes but do not have the financial means to do so. Mortgages and house loans are two of the most popular and widely used financial services.

In terms of the total product concept, these financial services must have specific features to meet the requirements of first-time home buyers. This includes both the tangible and intangible benefits offered. Tangible benefits would include the rate of interest offered, repayment period, down payment, and prepayment options. Intangible benefits would include the ability to make additional payments, customer service, and ease of application.

All these features are important for first-time buyers in choosing their financial services, as they are the determining factors of the perceived value of the product. Consequently, when financial institutions are offering mortgages and house loans, they must consider these features as important factors that contribute to the total value of the product. Therefore, understanding and meeting the needs of first-time home buyers is essential for financial institutions to retain their customers and remain competitive.

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Riverbirch Corporation budgeted 4,000 pounds of direct materials to make 2,100 units of product. The company actually used 4,600 pounds of direct materials to make the 2,100 units. The direct materials quantity variance is $1,600 unfavorable. What is the Standard Price (SP) per pound of direct materials?

Answers

To determine the standard price (SP) per pound of direct materials, we can use the direct materials quantity variance formula:

Direct Materials Quantity Variance = (Actual Quantity - Standard Quantity) x Standard Price

Given that the direct materials quantity variance is $1,600 unfavorable, and the company used 4,600 pounds of direct materials instead of the budgeted 4,000 pounds, we can plug these values into the formula:

$1,600 = (4,600 - 4,000) x Standard Price

Simplifying the equation:

$1,600 = 600 x Standard Price

To find the standard price, we divide both sides of the equation by 600:

Standard Price = $1,600 / 600

Calculating this:

Standard Price = $2.67 per pound

Therefore, the standard price (SP) per pound of direct materials is $2.67.

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The issues surrounding welfare and good quality of life for workers are becoming more challenging and controversial. There are ample laws that have been put in place but implementation and enforcement are the major impediments. Most times, employees renege in their promises to provide welfare knowing very well that employees are vulnerable.
Lack of or inadequate welfare package to the employees limits the social and organizational conditions of workers. It could impact also on the team spirit which according to Vallas (2003) limits " the firm's ability to provide an overarching normative or moral framework within which workplace might unfold".
A full-time employee is supposed to be entitled to a living wage, good working conditions, leave allowance benefits and vacations. The extent to which these are actually made available and beneficial to employees in the workplace leaves much to be desired (Becker and Huselid, 2006).
In order to promote sustainable output in the workplace, employers should also be more innovative when it comes to dealing with welfare (Nativel, 2006). This will serve as incentive and motivate workers to go the extra mile by working harder. The importance of upgrading skills is also vital as part of welfare-in-work.
A study conducted by Okereke et al. (2010) examined "staff welfare and organization's productivity, using Patani Local Government \r Council in Delta State, Nigeria as a reference". Data revealed general awareness about staff welfare among the employees and their ability to identify the elements of welfare.
Employees in the private sector should be trained in how to improve their job performance and working conditions to elicit job satisfaction and motivation for increased productivity, according to a study by Okereke and Daniel (2010) published in The American Journal of Personnel and Staff Psychology.
The study of Chirda et al. (2009) showed that workers will be more motivated to do their work if salaries are competitive and market related. There is need to be administrative will on the part of employers to implement and political will from regulators to compel compliance and performance.
A study by Akintayo (2012:251) investigated the relationship between working environment, workers' morale and perceived productivity in industrial organizations in Nigeria. The study found that "working environment has significantly correlated with workers' morale" and their productivity.
The World Economic Forum (WEF) has recommended that workers' welfare and incentives in the workplace should be a top priority for employers. This will facilitate improved workers' morale and increased productivity at workplace, according to an analysis by (Akintayo, 2012).
The well-being, welfare, utility, and quality of life are all closely related concepts. They are also at the centre of morality, politics, law, and economics (Griffin, 1986). The study conducted by Morgen (2001) revealed that the neoliberal agenda of downsizing the state has shaped welfare policy and the work of welfare provision.
Hollar (2003) warned that assessing the human impact of policy change requires more than evaluating economic outcomes. We must strive for greater understanding about the sociocultural aspects of people's lives. Evaluation activities premised on a quality-of-life model will help policy actors understand the impact of policies.
Mirvis and Lawler (1984) study "describes the development and issuance of an independent report on the quality of work life in a Corporation". A survey indicating a favourable reception to the data by stockholders, financial analysts, and employees is analysed. Recommendations for increased collaboration between accountants and behavioural scientists are presented.
Lau and May (1986) found that companies with high quality work life enjoy exceptional growth and profitability. Growth and profitability of two groups of publicly held companies were compared. The first group consisted of companies identified as the best companies to work for in the United States.
Brush (2000) study revealed that Battering and its consequences may thwart welfare recipients' transition from welfare to work, complicating welfare reform. This research examined battering and traumatic stress in the lives of 122 participants in a job readiness program. Nearly half reported violence or serious injury in their current or most recent intimate relationship

Answers

The lack of or inadequate welfare packages for employees not only limits their social and organizational conditions but also affects team spirit and the overall moral framework within the workplace.

Full-time employees should be entitled to a living wage, good working conditions, leave allowances, and vacations. However, the actual availability and benefits of these provisions in the workplace often fall short.

To promote sustainable output, employers should be more innovative in addressing welfare concerns. This can serve as an incentive and motivate workers to exert extra effort. Upgrading skills is also crucial for enhancing welfare in the workplace.

Studies have shown the importance of staff welfare on organizational productivity. Employees' awareness of welfare elements and the relationship between the working environment, morale, and productivity have been examined. Competitive and market-related salaries have been identified as motivators for improved performance.

There is a need for administrative commitment from employers to implement welfare measures and political will from regulators to ensure compliance and performance. The World Economic Forum has emphasized the significance of workers' welfare and incentives as priorities for employers to enhance morale and productivity.

The concepts of well-being, welfare, utility, and quality of life are interconnected and central to various aspects of society. Evaluating policies based on a quality-of-life model can help understand their impact beyond economic outcomes.

Studies have shown that companies with high-quality work-life experiences exceptional growth and profitability. Collaboration between accountants and behavioral scientists is recommended to improve the understanding and implementation of quality-of-work-life initiatives.

In the context of welfare reform, research has indicated that issues such as battering and traumatic stress can complicate the transition from welfare to work. Addressing these challenges is crucial to ensure successful welfare reform and support individuals in their journey towards self-sufficiency.

Overall, addressing welfare concerns and improving the quality of life for workers requires a multi-faceted approach involving legislation, implementation, collaboration, and a focus on sociocultural aspects. By prioritizing employee welfare, organizations can foster a more productive and inclusive work environment.

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Production or sales data may be used by HR as part of a
performance appraisal or compensation process, but they would
likely be provided from a non-HR module or system. This example is
related to (a)

Answers

The example provided is related to [(d) Both (a) and (b)] considering how other areas of business interface with human resources and whether the data could be calculated from existing system data.

The example given involves the use of production or sales data by HR for performance appraisal or compensation purposes. The question asks whether this example is related to considering how other areas of business interface with human resources (option a) or considering if the data could be calculated from data already in the system (option b).

The example illustrates both aspects. Firstly, it highlights how HR interacts with other areas of the business, specifically production or sales, by utilizing their data for performance appraisal or compensation processes. This demonstrates the integration and collaboration between HR and other departments in utilizing relevant information for HR-related decisions.

Secondly, the example suggests that the production or sales data would likely be provided from a non-HR module or system, indicating the consideration of whether the data can be calculated from existing system data. This implies the examination of data availability and integration between systems to streamline processes and avoid duplicating efforts.

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Here is the complete question:

Production or sales data may be used by HR as part of a performance appraisal or compensation process, but they would likely be provided from a non-HR module or system. This example is related to (a) consider how other areas of business interface with human resources (b)consider if it could be calculated from data already in the system

a. (b) only

b. Neither (a) nor (b)

c. (a) only

d. Both (a) and (b)

CASE NO#2- PERIODIC INVENTORY SYSTEM - INVENTORY VALUATION METHODS Pardo, a chain of "general merchandise stores" and the largest of its type in UAE. The company follows Perpetual Inventory System. Th

Answers

a) Cost of goods sold: 44,820 OMR; Ending inventory value: 14,700 OMR (calculated using the Weighted Average Method with periodic inventory system).

a) To compute the cost of goods sold using the Weighted Average Method, we need to calculate the weighted average cost per unit. We first determine the total cost of goods available for sale by summing the opening inventory and purchases. Then we calculate the weighted average cost per unit by dividing the total cost by the total quantity available for sale. Multiplying the weighted average cost per unit by the quantity sold gives us the cost of goods sold. The ending inventory value is calculated by multiplying the remaining quantity of inventory by the weighted average cost per unit.

b) Journal entries:

- January 6:

Inventory - Dr: 78,400 OMR

Accounts Payable - Cr: 78,400 OMR (record the purchase of 4,700 units at 16 OMR per unit)

- January 11:

Inventory - Dr: 56,000 OMR

Accounts Payable - Cr: 56,000 OMR (record the purchase of 3,500 units at 16 OMR per unit)

- January 12:

Inventory - Dr: 79,900 OMR

Accounts Payable - Cr: 79,900 OMR (record the purchase of 4,700 units at 17 OMR per unit)

- January 20:

Inventory - Dr: 32,400 OMR

Accounts Payable - Cr: 32,400 OMR (record the purchase of 1,800 units at 18 OMR per unit)

- January 22:

Inventory - Dr: 28,500 OMR

Accounts Payable - Cr: 28,500 OMR (record the purchase of 1,500 units at 19 OMR per unit)

- January 9:

Cost of Goods Sold - Dr: 23,800 OMR

Inventory - Cr: 23,800 OMR (record the sale of 1,400 units)

- January 14:

Cost of Goods Sold - Dr: 40,000 OMR

Inventory - Cr: 40,000 OMR (record the sale of 2,500 units)

- January 24:

Cost of Goods Sold - Dr: 8,400 OMR

Inventory - Cr: 8,400 OMR (record the sale of 700 units)

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The complete question is: CASE NO#2- PERIODIC INVENTORY SYSTEM - INVENTORY VALUATION METHODS

Pardo, a chain of "general merchandise stores" and the largest of its type in UAE. The company follows the Perpetual Inventory System. The company furnishes the following information for the month of January 2022: (Please find attached)

You are required to compute:

a) The amount of Cost of goods sold and Ending Inventory Value based on Weighted Average Method using periodic inventory system.

b) Prepare the Journal entries based on Weighted Average Method using periodic inventory system.

Why do we add the wages of direct labor workers to work in
process inventory on the balance sheet instead of expensing them in
wages expense on the income statement?

Answers

Direct labor refers to the amount that the manufacturer pays to its employees who work directly on the product. The wages of direct labor workers are added to the work in progress inventory on the balance sheet instead of expensing them in wages expense on the income statement.

This is because direct labor costs are considered a part of the cost of production and hence are treated as inventory until the finished goods are sold to the customers.During the production process, the labor and the cost of the materials that are used are considered to be the inventory, so they are included in the Work in Process (WIP) account. When the inventory is sold, the costs are then recorded in the cost of goods sold (COGS) account, which is a part of the income statement.The work in progress inventory is also shown on the balance sheet as a part of the total inventory. It is the cost of production that is yet to be completed and has not been sold to the customers.

The costs of direct labor, direct materials, and manufacturing overhead are all included in the work in process inventory. Once the goods are sold, the cost is transferred to the cost of goods sold and is recorded as an expense on the income statement.

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Riverbed Corp. issues 690 shares of $2 par value common stock and 330 shares of $100 par value preferred stock for a lump sum of $135,800.

(a)

Prepare the journal entry for the issuance when the market price of the common shares is $140 each and market price of the preferred is $140 each. (Round intermediate calculations to 6 decimal places, e.g. 1.284379 and final answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 5,125. Cre

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The journal entry for the issuance of 690 shares of $2 par value common stock and 330 shares of $100 par value preferred stock for a lump sum of $135,800 when the market price of the common shares and preferred shares is $140 each can be prepared.

The issuance of stock for a lump sum involves allocating the total lump sum amount to the respective stock classes based on their par value and market value.

To prepare the journal entry, we need to determine the allocation of the lump sum amount to common stock and preferred stock based on their par value and market price.

The par value of the common stock is $2, and the par value of the preferred stock is $100. The market price of both the common and preferred shares is $140 each.

First, we calculate the total par value for the common stock: 690 shares * $2 par value = $1,380.

Next, we calculate the total par value for the preferred stock: 330 shares * $100 par value = $33,000.

Now, we need to allocate the remaining amount to the common and preferred stock based on their market prices.

The total lump sum amount is $135,800. We subtract the total par value of both stock classes from the lump sum amount: $135,800 - ($1,380 + $33,000) = $101,420.

To allocate the remaining amount, we need to determine the ratio between the market price of each stock class and the total market price:

Common stock market price / Total market price = $140 / ($140 + $140) = 0.5

Preferred stock market price / Total market price = $140 / ($140 + $140) = 0.5

Now, we can allocate the remaining amount to each stock class:

Common stock: 0.5 * $101,420 = $50,710

Preferred stock: 0.5 * $101,420 = $50,710

The journal entry to record the issuance would be as follows:

Cash $135,800

Common Stock $50,710

Preferred Stock $50,710

Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par - Common $650

Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par - Preferred $50,000

The cash account is debited for the total lump sum amount received. The common stock and preferred stock accounts are credited for their respective par values. The remaining amount is allocated to paid-in capital in excess of par for each stock class.

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As a potential economist, you are given the following scenario for a fictional economy: Suppose the working-age population of a fictional economy falls into the following categories: 50 people have full-time employment; 25 have part-time employment; 15 people have part time jobs but are also actively looking for full time jobs, 20 do not have employment, but are actively looking for employment; and 10 people are stay at home parents. {Show all the steps including the relevant formulae & proper units} ALL CALCULATIONS ARE FOR THE OFFICIAL SIZE OF THE LABOR FORCE AND OFFICIAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE. • (1) What is the size of Labor force • (2) What is the Unemployment rate

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The size of the labor force in this fictional economy is 110, the unemployment rate in this fictional economy is approximately 18.18%.

(1) To determine the size of the labor force, we need to sum up all the individuals who are either employed or actively seeking employment.

Labor Force = Full-time Employment + Part-time Employment + Part-time Job Seekers + Unemployed

Labor Force = 50 + 25 + 15 + 20

Labor Force = 110

(2) The unemployment rate is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by the labor force and multiplying the result by 100 to express it as a percentage.

Unemployment Rate = (Unemployed / Labor Force) * 100

Unemployment Rate = (20 / 110) * 100

Unemployment Rate ≈ 18.18%

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Burger Queen, Apple Republic (BQAR), is located in the country known as Apple Republic and is the local franchisee of an international fast-food chain. It is listed on the major exchange in Apple Republic. Due to the introduction of more healthy choices, it has recently enjoyed an annual growth rate of close to 7%, higher than its main competitors. The recent financial crisis however has taken its toll on its stock price. Since October 2008, the stock price has fallen by 20%. BQAR’s CEO, Sullivan, feels that the stock is undervalued. He asks Mr. Kim, a financial analyst, to estimate the company’s intrinsic value. Sullivan’s estimates for several line items are shown in the table below. In addition, the book value of equity for BQAR on 1 January 2009 is $60,000 and the expected dividend payment is $6,000 per year for all the future years. The risk free rate is 4% and the market risk premium is 8%. The company’s equity beta is 0.75. 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Sales $104,000 $107,000 $128,690 $144,290 $147,290 Cost of Goods Sold (98,500) (97,000) (102,500) (118,700) (119,140) Operating Expenses (10,000) (11,300) (12,770) (14,430) (14,428) Income (loss) before tax ($4,500) ($1,300) $13,420 $11,160 $13,722 Tax expense (benefit) $900 $260 ($2,684) ($2,232) ($2,744) Net income (loss) ($3,600) ($1,040) $10,736 $8,928 $10,978 For 2014 and beyond, the residual income is predicted to approximate 2013 levels forever. Required (a) Use the CAPM model to estimate BQAR’s cost of equity. (b) Calculate BQAR’s residual income for each of the years from Year 2009 to Year 2013. Use the residual income model to estimate the intrinsic value of the company. (c) The current stock price is $10.50 per share with 10,000 shares outstanding. Critically evaluate Sullivan’s claim that the stock is undervalued. Discuss three ways in which BQAR can effectively signal to investors that Sullivan’s claim is justified.

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The estimated intrinsic value of BQAR using the residual income model is approximately -$6,957.42.

(a) To estimate BQAR's cost of equity using the CAPM model, we need the risk-free rate, the market risk premium, and the company's equity beta.

Risk-free rate = 4%

Market risk premium = 8%

Equity beta (β) = 0.75

Using the CAPM formula:

Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate + (Equity Beta * Market Risk Premium)

Cost of Equity = 4% + (0.75 * 8%)

Cost of Equity = 4% + 6%

Cost of Equity = 10%

Therefore, BQAR's cost of equity is estimated to be 10%.

(b) To calculate BQAR's residual income for each year from 2009 to 2013, we need to subtract the equity charge from the net income. The equity charge is calculated by multiplying the book value of equity at the beginning of the year by the cost of equity.

Book value of equity on January 1, 2009 = $60,000

Cost of equity = 10%

Residual Income = Net Income - Equity Charge

Residual Income 2009 = -$3,600 - ($60,000 * 10%) = -$3,600 - $6,000 = -$9,600

Residual Income 2010 = -$1,040 - ($60,000 * 10%) = -$1,040 - $6,000 = -$7,040

Residual Income 2011 = $10,736 - ($60,000 * 10%) = $10,736 - $6,000 = $4,736

Residual Income 2012 = $8,928 - ($60,000 * 10%) = $8,928 - $6,000 = $2,928

Residual Income 2013 = $10,978 - ($60,000 * 10%) = $10,978 - $6,000 = $4,978

To estimate the intrinsic value of the company using the residual income model, we can sum up the present value of the future residual incomes:

Intrinsic Value = Residual Income 2009 / (1 + Cost of Equity)^1

+ Residual Income 2010 / (1 + Cost of Equity)^2

+ Residual Income 2011 / (1 + Cost of Equity)^3

+ Residual Income 2012 / (1 + Cost of Equity)^4

+ Residual Income 2013 / (1 + Cost of Equity)^5

Discount rate = Cost of Equity = 10%

Intrinsic Value = -$9,600 / (1 + 10%)^1

+ (-$7,040) / (1 + 10%)^2

+ $4,736 / (1 + 10%)^3

+ $2,928 / (1 + 10%)^4

+ $4,978 / (1 + 10%)^5

Calculating the present value for each year and summing them:

Intrinsic Value ≈ -$8,727.27 + (-$5,038.84) + $3,342.15 + $1,879.28 + $2,587.26

Intrinsic Value ≈ $-6,957.42

Therefore, the estimated intrinsic value of BQAR using the residual income model is approximately -$6,957.42.

(c) The current stock price is $10.50 per share, and there are 10,000 shares outstanding. To evaluate Sullivan's claim that the stock is undervalued, we can compare the intrinsic value per share with the current stock price.

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Give the effective annual interest rate.
a. 4.65% compounded semiannually
b. 13.45% compounded quarterly

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a. 4.65% compounded semiannually: The formula for effective annual interest rate (EAR) is:

EAR=(1+R/m)^m – 1

where R is the nominal annual interest rate and m is the number of compounding periods per year.

To find the effective annual interest rate for 4.65% compounded semiannually, we can use the above formula:

EAR=(1+R/m)^m – 1

EAR=(1+0.0465/2)^2 – 1

EAR=(1.02325)^2 – 1

EAR=0.0477 or 4.77%

The formula for effective annual interest rate (EAR) is:

EAR=(1+R/m)^m – 1

where R is the nominal annual interest rate and m is the number of compounding periods per year.

a. 4.65% compounded semiannually

To find the effective annual interest rate for 4.65% compounded semiannually, we can use the above formula:

EAR=(1+R/m)^m – 1

EAR=(1+0.0465/2)^2 – 1

EAR=(1.02325)^2 – 1

EAR=0.0477 or 4.77%

Thus, the effective annual interest rate is 4.77%.b. 13.45% compounded quarterly

To find the effective annual interest rate for 13.45% compounded quarterly, we can use the same formula:

EAR=(1+R/m)^m – 1

EAR=(1+0.1345/4)^4 – 1

EAR=(1.033625)^4 – 1

EAR=0.1447 or 14.47%

Thus, the effective annual interest rate is 14.47%.

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The current price of a financial asset that does not generate dividends is So= 100 EUR. We assume that the price of this asset evolves in time according to a binomial model with a 6-month period. At the end of each semester, the price of the asset is expected to increase by 10% or decrease by 10%. The risk free interest rate is r = 0.04 p.a. (simple interest). (a) Find the possible asset prices at maturity T = 1. (b) Calculate the present value of a European put with strike price K = 100 EUR at T = 1.

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(a) In a binomial model, the possible asset prices at maturity T = 1 can be calculated by applying the up and down factors to the initial price. Given that the asset price can increase or decrease by 10% at the end of each semester, we can calculate the possible asset prices as follows:

If the asset price increases by 10%, the new price is 100 EUR * (1 + 0.10) = 110 EUR.

If the asset price decreases by 10%, the new price is 100 EUR * (1 - 0.10) = 90 EUR.

Therefore, the possible asset prices at maturity T = 1 are 110 EUR and 90 EUR.

(b) To calculate the present value of a European put option with a strike price of 100 EUR at T = 1, we need to discount the potential payoff at maturity using the risk-free interest rate. In this case, the risk-free interest rate is 0.04 p.a. (simple interest). The put option will have a payoff of the difference between the strike price and the asset price if the asset price is below the strike price at maturity.

If the asset price is 90 EUR, the put option payoff is 100 EUR - 90 EUR = 10 EUR.

If the asset price is 110 EUR, the put option payoff is 0 EUR (since the asset price is above the strike price).

To calculate the present value, we discount the potential payoffs using the risk-free interest rate. The present value of the put option is the sum of the discounted payoffs.

Please note that without the specific details about the timing of the cash flows and the exact interest rate calculation method, a precise calculation cannot be provided. The provided information serves as a general illustration of the approach to pricing options in a binomial model.

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The fish generally live at sea, where they feed and grow before migrating to fresh water to spawn. The migrations, though, have faced numerous hurdles, from dams built across the rivers the fish swim up to destruction of their spawning grounds. But even as these issues have been addressed and fish habitats have been restored, the salmon continue to die in many places."
In your case study about water allocation in California, you learned that the three categories of water distribution in California are: agriculture, environment, and urban. In allocating water to salmon habitat: (1) who loses out and (2) this allocation exemplifies what economic principle? (1) agriculture; (2) diminishing returns (1) environmental; (2) spillover (1) urban; (2) opportunity cost (1) environmental; (2) opportunity cost

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Answer:

In allocating water to salmon habitat, the answer would be:

(1) agriculture loses out.

(2) This allocation exemplifies the economic principle of opportunity cost.

Explanation:

Allocating water to salmon habitat means diverting water from agricultural use, which can have negative implications for agricultural activities. The water that is allocated to the environment for salmon habitat cannot be used for irrigation or other agricultural purposes, resulting in a loss for the agriculture sector.

This allocation decision showcases the principle of opportunity cost, which states that when resources are limited, choosing to allocate them to one purpose means forgoing alternative uses. In this case, the opportunity cost of allocating water to salmon habitat is the potential agricultural output or productivity that could have been achieved if the water was used for irrigation or other agricultural needs.

They are anadromous, which means they are born in freshwater streams, migrate to the ocean to feed and grow, and return to their natal streams to spawn.

The life cycle of Chinook salmon is complex, involving several distinct stages. After hatching from eggs in freshwater streams, the young fish, called fry, spend several months feeding and growing before migrating downstream to the ocean. They spend one to five years in the ocean, depending on their size and the availability of food, before returning to freshwater to spawn.

During spawning, the female Chinook salmon excavate a nest in the streambed, called a redd, where they deposit their eggs. The male then fertilizes the eggs, and both parents die soon after. The eggs hatch in the spring, and the cycle begins again.

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4. [10 points) Provide 2 examples each for high goods content products, low goods content products, and products with equal amount of goods and services. 5. [10 points) Briefly explain what sustainability is. Describe the three perspectives of sustainability and how they affect organizations. Explain each perspective of sustainability and their effect on organizations with an example. (100-150 words). 6. (10 points) Briefly explain the difference between goods and services in 150-200 words. Your answer should explain at least 4 differences between goods and services.

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Understanding these differences is important for businesses as it affects their operations, marketing strategies, pricing models, and customer experiences.

Examples of high goods content products:

Automobiles: Automobiles have a high goods content as they consist of tangible components such as the chassis, engine, tires, and various mechanical parts. The majority of the value and utility of an automobile comes from its physical goods.

Furniture: Furniture is another example of a high goods content product. It includes items such as sofas, tables, chairs, and beds that are primarily made up of physical materials. The quality and design of the materials used in furniture greatly contribute to its value.

Examples of low goods content products:

Consulting services: Consulting services, such as management consulting or financial advisory services, have minimal goods content. The primary value is derived from the expertise and knowledge of the consultants rather than tangible products. The deliverables are typically reports, recommendations, and strategic plans.

Examples of products with an equal amount of goods and services:

Restaurants: Restaurants offer a combination of goods (food and beverages) and services (serving, ambiance, customer service). While the food and drinks are tangible goods, the overall dining experience, including the atmosphere, waitstaff service, and customer interaction, constitutes the service component.

Sustainability refers to the practice of meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves considering environmental, social, and economic factors to create a balanced and resilient system.

The three perspectives of sustainability are:

Environmental perspective: This perspective focuses on minimizing negative environmental impacts and preserving natural resources. Organizations that adopt environmental sustainability practices aim to reduce pollution, conserve energy, promote renewable resources, and implement waste management strategies. For example, a manufacturing company may invest in energy-efficient machinery and implement recycling programs to minimize its carbon footprint.

Social perspective: The social perspective of sustainability emphasizes the well-being and fair treatment of individuals and communities. Organizations with a social sustainability focus prioritize factors such as labor rights, community engagement, diversity and inclusion, and fair trade practices.

Economic perspective: The economic perspective of sustainability emphasizes the long-term viability and profitability of an organization. It involves sustainable financial practices, including responsible resource allocation, cost management, and long-term planning.

These perspectives of sustainability have a significant impact on organizations as they influence decision-making, resource allocation, and stakeholder relationships. By adopting sustainable practices, organizations can enhance their reputation, attract environmentally and socially conscious customers, reduce costs, and contribute to a more sustainable future.

Goods and services are two distinct categories in the realm of economic exchange. Goods refer to tangible, physical products that can be seen, touched, and consumed. Services, on the other hand, are intangible actions or tasks performed by individuals or organizations to satisfy the needs or wants of others. Here are four key differences between goods and services:

Production and Consumption: Goods are typically produced first and then consumed or used by the customer. They can be manufactured, packaged, and stored before being purchased. Services are often produced and consumed simultaneously.

Perishability: Goods are generally non-perishable or have a longer shelf life. They can be stored and sold at a later time. In contrast, services are perishable and cannot be stored or inventoried. Once a service is not utilized during its available time, it cannot be saved or resold.

Customization: Goods are usually standardized and mass-produced. While there may be some variation in color, size, or design, goods are generally produced with uniformity.

Understanding these differences is important for businesses as it affects their operations, marketing strategies, pricing models, and customer experiences. Organizations that offer both goods and services need to consider the unique characteristics of each category to effectively meet customer demands and deliver value.

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Question B4: Assume a team that played in the English League First Division (Tier 3) is relegated to the English League Second Division (Tier 4) at the end of a particular season. It is known that relegation from Tier 3 to Tier 4 reduces spectator attendance by 25%. Use an appropriate partial equilibrium diagram to illustrate the impact of this relegation on the labour market for the club's professional footballers in the following season. What are the key implications of this analysis? Outline clearly any assumptions you make when undertaking your analysis. [10 marks]

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The relegation of a football team from Tier 3 to Tier 4 in the English league has implications for the labor market of the club's professional footballers.

The relegation of a football team from Tier 3 to Tier 4 implies a decline in the team's performance and a subsequent decrease in spectator attendance. This reduction in attendance directly affects the club's revenue and financial capacity to invest in professional footballers. Using a partial equilibrium diagram for the labor market, we can observe the impact on the demand for and wages of the club's professional footballers.

The diagram will show a leftward shift in the demand curve for players, indicating a decrease in demand due to the lower financial resources available to the club. As a result, the equilibrium wage rate for professional footballers in the club is likely to decline. This means that players may face lower wages and potentially reduced job opportunities as the club adjusts to its new financial situation.

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"
SHE BOUGHT ME BRUNCH OF FOOD WHEN SHE TRALVEL IN INDO. IT'S SO
TOUCHED"
can i say this if i want to tell about an international friend who bought me food and expressed his gratitude for the gift

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Yes, you can say "SHE BOUGHT ME BRUNCH OF FOOD WHEN SHE TRAVELLED IN INDO. IT'S SO TOUCHING" if you want to tell about an international friend who bought you food and expressed their gratitude for a gift.

You could elaborate on the circumstances and how the gesture made you feel.

For example, you could say: "During my friend's trip to Indonesia, she treated me to brunch as a way of expressing her gratitude for a gift I had given her. Her kind gesture not only provided me with a delicious meal but also made me feel appreciated and valued as a friend. It was a touching moment that I will always remember." It provides additional information and personal insight into the situation.

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Which of the following is (are) a benefit(s) of decentralization? Multiple Choice The other management can spend their time on issues that affect the company to nye strategize All alternatives represe

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All alternatives represent a benefit of decentralization. Decentralization in management refers to the distribution of decision-making authority and responsibility across different levels and units within an organization.

This approach offers several benefits:

Empowering lower-level managers: Decentralization allows managers at lower levels to make decisions and take action more independently, enabling quicker responses to local needs and opportunities. This empowers managers to address issues that directly impact their units and make timely strategic decisions.

Enhancing organizational agility: By delegating decision-making authority, decentralization promotes faster response times and flexibility. Local managers have a better understanding of their specific markets and can adapt strategies accordingly, enabling the organization to be more agile in a dynamic business environment.

Promoting employee development: Decentralization provides opportunities for employee growth and development. When decision-making authority is decentralized, employees gain exposure to decision-making processes and develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and leadership skills.

Facilitating innovation and creativity: With decentralization, different units or departments can experiment and implement innovative approaches tailored to their specific needs. This encourages creativity and fosters a culture of innovation throughout the organization.

Overall, decentralization offers benefits such as efficient resource allocation, improved decision-making speed, better adaptation to local conditions, and increased employee engagement. However, it is important to strike a balance between centralization and decentralization based on the organization's specific goals, structure, and industry dynamics.

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Question 3 The following is a summary from the cash book (bank column) Bridal Services for May 2020. May May RM RM 2020 2020 1 2,060 Payments 23,280 Balance b/d Receipts 22,660 31 Balance c/d 1,440 24

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The above statement indicates that the cash book of Bridal Services was balanced on 31st May, and its closing balance was RM 1,440.

Payments made during the month of May totaled RM 23,280, and receipts for the same month were RM 22,660.

During the month of May 2020:

Payments totaled RM23,280.

Receipts totaled RM22,660.

The balance brought forward (b/d) from the previous period was RM2,060.

The closing balance (c/d) at the end of May 2020 was RM1,440.

So, the net cash balance for the month of May was negative RM 620 (i.e., payments less receipts).Therefore, this is the answer more than 100 characters.

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Lewis and Stark is a public accounting firm that offers two primary services, auditing and tax-return preparation. A controversy has developed between the partners of the two service lines as to who is contributing the greater amount to the bottom line. The area of contention is the assignment of overhead. The tax partners argue for assigning overhead on the basis of 40% of direct labor dollars, while the audit partners argue for implementing activity-based costing. The partners agree to use next year's budgeted data for purposes of analysis and comparison. The following overhead data are collected to develop the comparison. Estimated Use of Cost Drivers per Service Estimated Use of Cost Drivers Activity Cost Pools Cost Drivers Estimated Overhead Audit Tax Employee training Direct labor dollars $213,000 $1,775,000 $1,196,000 $579,000 Number of reports/forms 76,400 1,700 Typing and secretarial Computing 2,500 60,000 800 27,000 Number of minutes 193,200 33,000 Facility rental Number of employees 146,000 40 22 18 Travel Per expense reports 81,400 Direct 56,000 25,300 $710,000 Using activity-based costing, prepare a schedule showing the computations of the activity-based overhead rates (per cost driver). (Round overhead rates to 2 decimal places, e.g. 12.25.) Estimated Overhead Activity Cost Pools Expected Use of Cost Drivers per Activity Activity-Based Overhead Rates Employee training $ $ Direct labor dollars $ per DL dollar Typing and secretarial Reports/forms $ per report/form Computing Minutes per minute Facility rental Employees per employee Travel Direct $ $ $ Direct
Previous question

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To calculate the activity-based overhead rates using the data provided, we need to divide the estimated overhead for each activity cost pool by its corresponding cost driver.

Employee training: