As discussed in class, supply chain success should be defined in terms of the total profit generated by all entities in the supply chain.
This includes the chain itself, the manufacturer, the retailer, and other entities involved in the process.What is a supply chain?A supply chain is a network of entities, including manufacturers, retailers, and logistics providers, that are involved in the production and delivery of goods and services.
The goal of a supply chain is to create a seamless flow of materials, information, and services from the manufacturer to the end customer.Supply chain success is measured by the total profit generated by all entities involved in the process, not just the manufacturer or retailer. By looking at the total profit generated, the supply chain can determine where improvements need to be made to optimize the flow of goods and services, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction.
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Jami Burns owns a Bakery that grossed $36,725 including HST last year. During that year she spent $9,500 before HST on work related supplies. Calculate if Jami Burns owes the government money or if she will be receiving a refund. Clearly state the amount and whether she is remitting (paying this amount) to the government or receiving it as a refund.
Jami Burns owes the government $3131.85.
Jami Burns owns a Bakery that grossed $36,725 including HST last year. During that year she spent $9,500 before HST on work-related supplies. Calculate if Jami Burns owes the government money or if she will be receiving a refund. Clearly state the amount and whether she is remitting (paying this amount) to the government or receiving it as a refund. The given problem states that Jami Burns owns a Bakery that grossed $36,725 including HST last year. During that year she spent $9,500 before HST on work-related supplies.
The formula to calculate HST is: HST = (gross amount × 13)/113Therefore, the HST paid by Jami is: HST = (36,725 × 13)/113 = $4230.97 Jami can claim an input tax credit (ITC) for the HST she has paid on work-related supplies. The formula for ITC is: ITC = (HST paid on supplies × eligible supplies)/total supplies therefore, the ITC claimed by Jami is: ITC = (9500 × 13)/113 = $1099.12Now, the net amount payable to the government is: Net payable = HST payable - ITC = $4230.97 - $1099.12 = $3131.85Since the amount obtained above is positive, it indicates that Jami owes money to the government, which is $3131.85. Therefore, Jami Burns owes the government $3131.85.
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1-)Think about a conflict you have met, which handling strategy have you used to solve the conflict? What was the result? If the result was not satisfied, next time, which strategy will you use and why?
In summary, it is vital to approach conflicts with an open mind and seek to understand the other person's position. Using the appropriate conflict management strategy helps promote peaceful co-existence and enhance working relationships.
Conflict management refers to the process of handling disputes and disagreements effectively. In our day-to-day activities, we come across various conflicts, be it at the workplace or in our social life. It is vital to manage conflicts appropriately to avoid escalation and promote peaceful co-existence. One conflict I met happened at my workplace when my colleague accused me of failing to complete a task we were assigned. I had completed the task on time, and I was surprised to hear such an accusation from my colleague. I used the collaborating strategy to solve the conflict. I tried to understand the reason behind my colleague's accusation by asking relevant questions and clarifying misunderstandings. Through this process, I realized that my colleague had confused me with another employee who had not completed their task. I provided evidence to support my position, and we reached a resolution. The result of the conflict was satisfactory as we came to a mutual agreement, and our working relationship was restored. If the result was not satisfactory, I would have used the compromising strategy next time. The compromising strategy involves both parties sacrificing part of their interest to achieve a mutually beneficial outcome. This strategy is effective when both parties value their relationship more than the outcome of the conflict.
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because of market forces, firms have ________ when competition is widespread.
Because of market forces, firms have to become more efficient and innovative when competition is widespread. This is because in a highly competitive market, customers have a greater range of choices and are more likely to switch to a competitor if they feel they are not getting good value for their money.
As a result, firms need to constantly improve their products, services, and operations in order to stay ahead of their competitors and retain their customer base.
One way that firms can achieve this is by investing in research and development to create new and innovative products that can differentiate them from their competitors. They can also improve their operational efficiency by streamlining their processes and reducing costs, which can enable them to offer lower prices and compete more effectively.
In addition, firms may need to be more customer-focused and responsive to changing market demands in order to remain competitive. This may involve improving their customer service, listening to customer feedback, and adapting their marketing strategies to better meet the needs of their target market.
Overall, firms that are able to adapt to market forces and remain competitive are more likely to succeed and grow over time. By focusing on innovation, efficiency, and customer satisfaction, they can stay ahead of their competitors and thrive in a crowded marketplace.
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You have recently been employed to join ROA Associates as a tax
professional. Your senior partner has tasked you to present a paper
on ‘Deductions allowed’ under the Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act
896)
The ‘Deductions allowed’ under the Income Tax Act, 2015 are Business Expenses, Charitable Donations, Depreciation, Education expenses, Health Insurance Premiums, Interest Expenses and Retirement Contributions.
As a tax professional at ROA Associates, it is important to understand the deductions allowed under the Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896). The Act specifies a number of deductions that can be made from an individual's or company's taxable income. Here are some of the most important deductions allowed under the Act:
1. Business Expenses: Business expenses such as rent, utility bills, transportation, office equipment, and salaries paid to employees are deductible. However, these expenses must be reasonable and necessary for the operation of the business.
2. Charitable Donations: Charitable donations made to approved organizations can be deducted from taxable income.
3. Depreciation: Depreciation is a non-cash expense that represents the decline in value of an asset over time. Depreciation can be deducted from taxable income.
4. Education expenses: Education expenses incurred in the course of employment can be deducted from taxable income.
5. Health Insurance Premiums: Health insurance premiums paid by individuals can be deducted from taxable income.
6. Interest Expenses: Interest paid on loans used for business purposes can be deducted from taxable income.
7. Retirement Contributions: Contributions made to a retirement plan can be deducted from taxable income.
It is important to note that there are certain limitations and conditions that apply to each of these deductions. Therefore, it is essential to review the specific provisions of the Act and seek professional advice before claiming any deductions.
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Question 4 25 pts What are the opportunities and threats FedEx faces in a future in which Amazon is not a customer but a competitor? What are your recommendations for how FedEx can remain successful in the future?
By capitalizing on opportunities, addressing threats, and implementing these recommendations, FedEx can position itself for continued success in a future.
Diversification: FedEx can focus on expanding its services beyond traditional package delivery and explore opportunities in other sectors such as healthcare logistics, e-commerce fulfillment, or specialized logistics for emerging industries.
Global Expansion: FedEx can capitalize on its extensive global network and expertise to expand its presence in international markets, especially in regions with growing e-commerce markets and emerging economies.
Technological Advancements: Investing in advanced technologies such as automation, artificial intelligence, and data analytics can enhance operational efficiency, improve delivery times, and provide a competitive edge in the logistics industry.
Increased Competition: With Amazon entering the logistics market as a competitor, FedEx faces the threat of losing market share and customers to a powerful and customer-centric player. Amazon's extensive resources, delivery network, and customer base pose a significant challenge.
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How does the partial equity method differ from the equity method? Multiple Choice In the total assets reported on the consolidated balance sheet. In the treatment of dividends. In the total liabilitie
The partial equity method and the equity method differ in the treatment of dividends.
Under the partial equity method, dividends received from the investee are recognized as revenue in the income statement. The investor records its share of the investee's earnings and recognizes dividends as separate income.
In contrast, under the equity method, dividends received from the investee are treated as a reduction of the investment account on the balance sheet. The investor recognizes its share of the investee's earnings as a single-line item in the income statement, including its portion of any dividends declared by the investee.
Therefore, the correct answer is: In the treatment of dividends. The partial equity method recognizes dividends as revenue, while the equity method treats them as a reduction of the investment account.
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Consider the Cash Flow Statement summary for the business David's Supermarket. Cash Flow Statement David's Supermarket For the year ended 31st December 2021 Net Cash from Operating Activities Net Cash from Investing Activities Net Cash from Financing activities. -$18,000 +$30,000 +$10,000 Beginning Cash balance (1st January 2021) +$23,000 Ending Cash balance (31st December 2021) +$45,000 Which statement below best describes the overall cash performance of the business during the year? Select one: O a. Operating performance was good for the period. O b. Overall, the business has not performed well. O c. Selling off the productive assets (Divesting) is always a good strategy to cover the Operating costs of the period. O d. Overall, the business has performed well, because the ending Cash Balance is greater than the beginning Cash Balance
The overall cash performance of David's Supermarket during the year is as follows: Overall, the business has performed well, because the ending Cash Balance is greater than the beginning Cash Balance.
Did David's Supermarket have a positive cash performance for the year?The given Cash Flow Statement for David's Supermarket indicates that the net cash from operating activities is -$18,000, the net cash from investing activities is +$30,000, and the net cash from financing activities is +$10,000. These values reflect the cash inflows and outflows from the respective activities.
To assess the overall cash performance, we can consider the change in the cash balance throughout the year. The beginning cash balance on 1st January 2021 was +$23,000, and the ending cash balance on 31st December 2021 was +$45,000. The ending cash balance is higher than the beginning cash balance, indicating that the business generated positive cash flow and increased its cash reserves during the year.
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Suppose an economy is described by the aggregate demand curve: Y = 2000 + 1.25 * G + 2.5 * M/P = If Y* (the potential output) is equal to 6000, G 1200, and P = 1, what must M equal to generate GDP, which is 3% lower than the potential. (a) 1072 (b) 1000 (c) 982 (d) 928 (e) impossible to calculate
To generate GDP that is 3% lower than the potential output in the given economy, we can use the aggregate demand equation Y = 2000 + 1.25 * G + 2.5 * M/P. Given Y* (potential output) = 6000, G = 1200, and P = 1, we need to calculate the value of M. The correct answer is (b) 1000.
We start by substituting the given values into the aggregate demand equation:
6000 = 2000 + 1.25 * 1200 + 2.5 * M/1
Simplifying the equation, we have:
6000 = 2000 + 1500 + 2.5M
Combining like terms, we get:
6000 = 3500 + 2.5M
Next, we isolate the term 2.5M:
2.5M = 6000 - 3500
2.5M = 2500
Finally, we solve for M by dividing both sides of the equation by 2.5:
M = 2500 / 2.5
M = 1000
Therefore, to generate GDP that is 3% lower than the potential output, M must equal 1000.
The correct answer is (b) 1000.
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Assume that Smith's Auto Sales paid $45,000 for equipment with a 15-year life and zero expected residual value. After using the equipment for six years, the company determines that the asset will rema
The remaining useful life of the equipment after six years is nine years. The asset's book value at that point would be the original cost of $45,000 minus the accumulated depreciation for the first six years.
To determine the remaining useful life of the equipment, we subtract the number of years already used (6 years) from the total estimated useful life (15 years). In this case, the remaining useful life would be 9 years. Next, we need to calculate the accumulated depreciation for the first six years. Assuming straight-line depreciation with no expected residual value, we divide the original cost of the equipment ($45,000) by the total useful life (15 years). The annual depreciation expense would be $3,000. To find the accumulated depreciation after six years, we multiply the annual depreciation expense by the number of years used (6 years). The accumulated depreciation would be $3,000/year x 6 years = $18,000. Finally, to determine the book value of the equipment after six years, we subtract the accumulated depreciation from the original cost. The book value would be $45,000 - $18,000 = $27,000.
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Wisconsin, Inc. conducts business in Zambia. Years ago,
Wisconsin established a subsidiary in Zambia that has consistently
generated very large profits denominated in Zambian kwacha.
Wisconsin wishes
Wisconsin, Inc., a company based in Wisconsin, has a subsidiary in Zambia that has been consistently generating significant profits in Zambian kwacha.
Wisconsin, Inc., a company based in Wisconsin, established a subsidiary in Zambia some years ago. Over time, the Zambian subsidiary has consistently generated substantial profits, which are denominated in Zambian kwacha, the local currency. Now, Wisconsin is looking for ways to effectively utilize those profits.
The decision to establish a subsidiary in Zambia has proven to be profitable for Wisconsin, as the subsidiary's operations have consistently generated large profits. However, the profits being earned are in Zambian kwacha, which may pose challenges when it comes to utilizing those funds effectively.
When a company operates in a foreign country and earns profits in the local currency, it needs to consider various factors to effectively manage those funds. One of the key considerations is the currency exchange rate, as Wisconsin may need to convert Zambian kwacha into another currency, such as US dollars, in order to utilize the profits for its operations in Wisconsin.
Currency exchange rates can fluctuate, and this volatility can impact the value of the profits earned in Zambian kwacha when converted into another currency. Wisconsin will need to monitor the exchange rates and consider the timing of currency conversions to ensure that the profits are effectively utilized while minimizing any potential losses due to unfavorable exchange rate fluctuations.
Additionally, Wisconsin may explore options such as reinvesting the profits back into its Zambian subsidiary to further expand operations, invest in local assets, or explore business opportunities in Zambia. These strategies can help Wisconsin capitalize on the profitability of its subsidiary and potentially generate even greater returns in the future.
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Reflect on positive
experiences you have had as a customer. Pick one
experience that was particularly enjoyable for you (preferably with
a hospitality or tourism-related company) and reflect on what
One of the most enjoyable customer experiences I had was with a luxury hotel during a vacation.
The level of personalized service left a lasting impression. The staff anticipated my needs, creating a seamless and comfortable stay. From a warm welcome to the attention to detail in-room amenities, the experience was exceptional. The staff's genuine interest in ensuring my comfort and satisfaction made me feel valued as a guest.
This experience highlighted the significance of hospitality in creating memorable moments. It reinforced the importance of going beyond expectations and tailoring services to individual preferences, setting a benchmark for outstanding customer service.
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If the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) did not use any form of monetary policy intervention, then the potential GDP, real GDP, and the price level in the Australian economy in 2015 would be the values given in the table below. However, if the RBA wanted to keep real GDP at its potential level, what action could it take?
If the RBA wanted to keep real GDP at its potential level, then the action it would take is sell government securities.
In the field of investing, the term "government security" refers to a variety of investment services provided by an administrative entity. The government securities that are most frequently purchased by readers are those that are issued by the U.S. Treasury as Treasury bonds, bills, and notes. To finance ongoing activities, however, many governments may issue these financial instruments.
When government securities mature, the investor is guaranteed to receive their entire investment back. Additionally, some government securities may make regular interest or coupon payments.
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On December 31, 2021, the company presented the following information:
Ordinary share capital, P50 par P6,000,000
Share premium 300,000
Retained earnings (1,200,000)
The company decided to undergo quasi reorganization. As a result, the company's property, plant and equipment with cost of P8,000,000 and book value of P4,000,000 has recoverable amount of P3,000,000. Also, inventory would be written down by P300,000. The company will redeem its P50 par value ordinary shares and will issue equal number of ordinary shares with P30 par value. Based on the foregoing, determine balance of share premium after the quasi reorganization
After the quasi-reorganization, the balance of the share premium will be P300,000.
What is quasi reorganization?
A quasi-reorganization is a financial and accounting procedure that restructures a business's balance sheet in such a way that it resembles the aftermath of a corporate reorganization without actually being one. A quasi-reorganization's goal is to increase the value of the firm by restating its equity accounts and getting rid of accumulated deficits without the usual bankruptcy procedures.
Share capital account after the quasi-reorganization: Since the company will buy back its P50 par value shares and issue an equal number of ordinary shares with a P30 par value, the company's share capital will be reduced. The company will cancel 120,000 of its P50 par shares
(P6,000,000 ÷ P50 par value = 120,000 shares) and then issue 200,000 ordinary shares with a P30 par value in their place (120,000 × P50 ÷ P30 = 200,000 shares).
The company's new share capital after the quasi-reorganization is:P30 × 80,000 = P2,400,000
Share premium account after the quasi-reorganization:
After the quasi-reorganization, the company's share premium account balance will be:
P300,000 (it remains the same since no gain is to be realized upon the quasi-reorganization).
Therefore, the balance of share premium after the quasi reorganization is P300,000.
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Cash paid or received before the related expense or revenue is recorded best describes:
a. Financial Statements
b. Accruals
c. Journal Entries
d. Prepaids
The formula ‘(Cost – Salvage Value) / Estimates useful life in years, tells us:
a. Depreciation Expense
b. Salvage Value
c. Accumulated Depreciation
d. Net Book Value
An example of a temporary account, needing to be closed at period end, is:
a. Repairs and Maintenance
b.Owner’s Withdrawals
c. Owner’s Capital
d. Service Revenue
What type of account is unearned revenue?
a. Fixed Asset
b. Expense
c. Revenue
d. Liability
Accruals: Accruals refer to the recognition of revenues and expenses in the financial statements before the actual cash is received or paid.
It involves matching the revenue earned with the expenses incurred during a specific accounting period, regardless of when the cash transactions occur. Accrual accounting provides a more accurate representation of a company's financial performance by considering the economic activities rather than just the cash flow.
The formula '(Cost – Salvage Value) / Estimated useful life in years' tells us:
a. Depreciation Expense: This formula is used to calculate the depreciation expense of an asset over its estimated useful life. It subtracts the salvage value (the estimated value of the asset at the end of its useful life) from the initial cost and divides it by the estimated useful life in years. Depreciation expense represents the allocation of the asset's cost over its useful life to reflect its gradual wear and tear or obsolescence.
An example of a temporary account, needing to be closed at period end, is:
d. Service Revenue: Service Revenue is a temporary account that represents the income earned by a company from providing services to its customers. At the end of the accounting period, the balance in the Service Revenue account needs to be closed and transferred to the retained earnings or owner's equity account to prepare for the next accounting period.
Unearned revenue is:
d. Liability: Unearned revenue refers to the advance payments received by a company from its customers for goods or services that are yet to be delivered. It represents an obligation of the company to provide the products or services in the future. Therefore, unearned revenue is classified as a liability on the balance sheet until the company fulfills its obligation and recognizes it as revenue.
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A robot advisor provides a retirement plan: if an investor invests in this product today, it will start paying out annually in perpetuity in eleven years. The funds will grow at an APR of 8%, compounded quarterly, for the foreseeable future. Mr. Smith wants to buy this product as his retirement plan. He hopes that the payout can cover his expected annual expenditure of $20,000. How much money should he save today?
Mr.smith should save $1,000,000 today to ensure that the payout from the retirement plan can cover his expected annual expenditure of $20,000.
to calculate how much money mr. smith should save today, we need to determine the present value of the perpetuity that will pay out annually in eleven years. the perpetuity will grow at an annual percentage rate (apr) of 8%, compounded quarterly.
the formula to calculate the present value of a perpetuity is:
pv = p / r
where:
pv = present value of the perpetuity
p = annual payout amount
r = interest rate
in this case, the annual payout amount is $20,000, and the interest rate is 8% compounded quarterly. to calculate the interest rate per compounding period, we divide the apr by the number of compounding periods per year:
quarterly interest rate = 8% / 4 = 2% = 0.02
now, let's calculate the present value:
pv = $20,000 / 0.02 = $1,000,000
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the ability of the customer to track their order from placement to delivery is
Order tracking or shipment tracking are terms used to describe the capability for clients to follow their order from placement to delivery.
Many companies today provide clients the convenience of following their orders from the time they are placed until they are delivered, especially in the digital age. Customers may check the status and location of their shipments using order tracking systems, which offers transparency and peace of mind.
A special tracking number or code is often given to the consumer when they place an order. This tracking number can be used as a quick reference to find out the status and location of the order. For real-time updates on their cargo, customers can input the tracking number on the business website or through a designated tracking provide for the placement.
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b) Explain how a financial institution with high funding costs should sell credit protections (like credit default swap) rather than lending directly to a commercial organisation. (50% weighting)
Selling credit protections, such as credit default swaps (CDS), instead of lending directly to a commercial organization can be a beneficial strategy for a financial institution with high funding costs. There are several reasons why this approach may be advantageous:
Risk Transfer: By selling credit protections, the financial institution transfers the credit risk associated with lending to another party.
Diversification: Selling credit protections allows the financial institution to diversify its risk exposure across multiple counterparties.
Profit Generation: Selling credit protections can generate additional income for the financial institution.
Regulatory Capital Benefits: When a financial institution lends directly to a commercial organization, it typically needs to hold regulatory capital as a buffer against potential credit losses.
Market Expertise: Financial institutions engaging in selling credit protections often possess specialized knowledge and expertise in assessing credit risk.
Flexibility and Liquidity: Selling credit protections provides the financial institution with greater flexibility and liquidity compared to traditional lending.
Overall, selling credit protections instead of lending directly to commercial organizations allows a financial institution with high funding costs to transfer risk, diversify its portfolio, generate additional income, benefit from regulatory capital advantages, leverage its expertise, and maintain flexibility and liquidity. These advantages can help mitigate funding costs and enhance the institution's risk-adjusted returns.
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Question 4. Project's basic information is provided in the table below. The table shows the planned sequence of activities and the progress at the end of April. From progress report at end of April, the actual cost for the followings: A = 4000, B= 2000, H = 8000, I= 4000. Calculate CV, SV, SPI, and CPI assuming the same rate of performance. Use time proportionality for planned value calculations and percent complete for earned value calculations. Oct Jan Feb Mar Apr Dec Activity Budget Sep May Nov Jun Jul Aug Percent Complete (%) 3000 66.67 6000 16.67 1000 0 10000 0 2000 0 18000 0 8000 0 8000 100 12000 33.33 ABCDEFGHI А с
Earned value management (EVM) provides project managers with a project control system that integrates project scope, schedule, and cost data to forecast project performance.
This EVM approach will be used to answer the question.CV (Cost Variance) is a measure of how much over or under budget a project is. The formula for Cost Variance is CV = EV - AC.Cost Variance = Earned Value (EV) - Actual Cost (AC)CV = 16000 - (4000+2000+8000+4000) = 16000 - 18000 = -2000The negative CV of $2000 indicates that the project is over budget.SV (Schedule Variance) is a measure of how much ahead or behind schedule a project is. The formula for Schedule Variance is SV = EV - PV.Schedule Variance = Earned Value (EV) - Planned Value (PV)SV = 16000 - 18000 = -2000The negative SV of $2000 indicates that the project is behind schedule.SPI (Schedule Performance Index) is a measure of the project's schedule efficiency. The formula for Schedule Performance Index is SPI = EV/PV.Schedule Performance Index = Earned Value (EV) / Planned Value (PV)SPI = 16000 / 18000 = 0.89The Schedule Performance Index of 0.89 indicates that the project is running at 89% of the scheduled pace.CPI (Cost Performance Index) is a measure of the project's cost efficiency. The formula for Cost Performance Index is CPI = EV/AC.Cost Performance Index = Earned Value (EV) / Actual Cost (AC)CPI = 16000 / 18000 = 0.89The Cost Performance Index of 0.89 indicates that the project is producing $0.89 worth of work for every $1 spent.
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a five-year term bond was issued by a company on january 1, year 1, at a premium. the carrying amount of the bond at december 31, year 2, would be
As a result, at December 31, Year 2, the carrying amount of the bond will be higher, that is, it will be at a premium.
A bond issued at a premium implies that the interest rate on the bond is greater than the going market rate. As a result, a bond's carrying amount grows until maturity. In the scenario, a five-year term bond was issued by a company on January 1, Year 1, at a premium. As a result, the carrying amount of the bond at December 31, Year 2, would be higher. The bond issuer will receive a price that is greater than the face value of the bond when bonds are sold at a premium. As a result, the carrying amount of the bond would be greater than the face value of the bond. A premium is the amount of money that an investor pays for a bond that is higher than the bond's face value. It is computed by subtracting the bond's face value from the selling price of the bond and is usually stated as a percentage of the bond's face value. When bonds are sold at a premium, interest payments will be greater than the market rate. As a result, the bond's carrying amount grows until maturity.
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Use Lump sum to resolve. A family takes out a $168,500 mortgage at 6.5% interest compounded monthly with monthly payments for 15 years. What would their monthly payments be? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
The family's monthly mortgage payments for a $168,500 loan at 6.5% interest for 15 years would be calculated.
To calculate the monthly mortgage payments, we can use the formula for the monthly payment of a fixed-rate mortgage. The formula is:
P = (r * A) / (1 - (1 + r)^(-n))
Where P represents the monthly payment, A is the loan amount ($168,500), r is the monthly interest rate (6.5% divided by 12 months, or 0.065/12), and n is the total number of monthly payments (15 years multiplied by 12 months, or 15 * 12).
Plugging in the values, the calculation would be:
P = (0.00542 * 168,500) / (1 - (1 + 0.00542)^(-180))
Solving this equation gives us the monthly payment amount. Rounding it to the nearest cent will provide the final answer.
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The real interest rate is 8 percent and the nominal interest
rate is 5.5 percent. Is there inflation or deflation? What is the
inflation or deflation rate?
To determine whether there is inflation or deflation, we need to compare the nominal interest rate and the real interest rate. The nominal interest rate represents the rate at which money grows over a given period without accounting for inflation, while the real interest rate adjusts for inflation and represents the true growth rate of purchasing power.
In this case, the nominal interest rate is 5.5 percent, which means that an investment or loan will grow by that rate over a specified period. On the other hand, the real interest rate is 8 percent, which reflects the growth rate of purchasing power after accounting for inflation.
When the real interest rate is higher than the nominal interest rate, it indicates that there is deflation. Deflation refers to a decrease in the general price level of goods and services over time, meaning that the purchasing power of money increases. In this scenario, the real interest rate of 8 percent exceeds the nominal interest rate of 5.5 percent, suggesting that there is deflation.
However, it's important to note that the provided information does not allow us to calculate the exact inflation or deflation rate. We can only conclude that there is deflation based on the comparison between the nominal and real interest rates. To determine the specific deflation rate, we would need additional data on the change in the general price level over a given period.
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23. Which of the following benefits provided by an employer to its employees is taxable? A Employees of the Walmart Store are allowed a 40% discount, Employer's gross profit is 20% Undergraduate tuition is waived by the a University for dependent children of employees who are admitted to the university. C.An airline company provides free flights to its employees on a waiting list basis. D.Two of these benefits are taxed. ENone of the above benefits is taxable. Problems: Designate by an It is an item is a deduction FOR AGI or an M is an item is a deduction FROM AGI OR an N is neither. (7 points) a. Alimony paid (divorce agreement executed in 2017) b. Standard deduction c. interest income on municipal bonds d. IRA contribution e. Charitable contribution f. Personal property taxes 8. gambling winnings h. Student loan interest i. Investment interest expense j. State income taxes paid k. capital gain on sale of stocks 1. Costs for prescription drugs and insulin m. Mortgage interest expense n. Social security benefits 9.Cathy's husband died in 2015. She did not remarry and continued to maintain a home for herself during 2016, 2017, and 2018. For 2016, Cathy's filing status is: A.Single B.Married filing separately C.Head of household D.Surviving spouse, using married filing jointly rate E.None of these answers. 10. Walmart Cor. granted Halima 2 years ago nonqualified stock options to buy 200 shares of Walmart stock at $5 share exercisable for four years. Halima exercised the options this year when the market price was $40 per share. How much income must Halima recognize from the exercise of the options? A.$7,000. B.$3.000. C.$8,000. D.$1,000. E. None of these answers. 11.If an employee is reimbursed through an accountable plan which of the following is true? A.All reimbursements must be included in income. B.A reimbursement equal to the expense is not included in income. C.The amount of reimbursement above the expenses should not be included in income. D.None of these answers. 12. Which of the following sources of income is not taxed? A.401(k) plan distributions. B.Gambling winning. C.Interest from saving account. D.stock dividends. E.None of these answers.
The correct option is B. A reimbursement equal to the expense is not included in income.
Taxable Benefits
Providing benefits is a good way to attract talented employees to an organization, and many employers offer various types of benefits to their workers. However, benefits are not free from tax, and some benefits may be subject to federal, state, or local tax, depending on their nature and the applicable laws. Two of the following benefits are taxable:
Employees of the Walmart Store are allowed a 40% discount, Employer's gross profit is 20%Undergraduate tuition is waived by the University for dependent children of employees who are admitted to the university. None of the other benefits mentioned in the question is taxable.
Deductions FOR AGI, FROM AGI, and Neither
Alimony paid (divorce agreement executed in 2017) - FOR AGI
Standard deduction - Neither
Interest income on municipal bonds - Neither
IRA contribution - FOR AGI
Charitable contribution - FOR AGI
Personal property taxes - FROM AGI
Gambling winnings - FOR AGI
Student loan interest - FOR AGI
Investment interest expense - FOR AGI
State income taxes paid - FOR AGI
Capital gain on sale of stocks - FOR AGI
Costs for prescription drugs and insulin - FOR AGI
Mortgage interest expense - FROM AGI
Social security benefits - It depends on the circumstances of the taxpayer and the total income.
Cathy's filing status for 2016 is Surviving spouse, using married filing jointly rate.Walmart Cor. granted Halima 2 years ago nonqualified stock options to buy 200 shares of Walmart stock at $5 share exercisable for four years. Halima exercised the options this year when the market price was $40 per share. Halima must recognize $7,000 as income from the exercise of the options.
An employee who is reimbursed through an accountable plan will not have to include the reimbursement in their income if it is equal to the actual expense. The amount of reimbursement above the actual expense should not be included in income. Hence, the answer is B. A reimbursement equal to the expense is not included in income.
401(k) plan distributions are taxed, gambling winnings are taxed, interest from saving account is taxed, and stock dividends are taxed. Thus, none of the options is correct, as none of these sources of income is not taxed.
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Firm A produces good X and Firm B produces good Y with the following demand functions Qx= 150-10Px-4Py Qy-75-5Py-Px Price of good X is $8 and price of good Y is $4. a. Find Eqy.Px (the cross price elasticity. Price change of X). EQy,Px=
The cross-price elasticity of demand (EQy,Px) is approximately -5.373.
To find the cross-price elasticity of demand between good Y (Qy) and the price of good X (Px), we need to calculate the percentage change in the quantity demanded of good Y in response to a percentage change in the price of good X.
The cross-price elasticity of demand formula is:
EQy,Px = (%ΔQy / %ΔPx)
Given the demand functions:
Qx = 150 - 10Px - 4Py
Qy = 75 - 5Py - Px
First, we need to determine the current quantity demanded of good Y (Qy) and the current price of good X (Px) to use as a reference point.
Px = $8 (price of good X)
Using the demand function for good Y, we can substitute the given price for good X:
Qy = 75 - 5Py - Px
Qy = 75 - 5Py - 8
Qy = 67 - 5Py
Next, we will calculate the quantity demanded of good Y when the price of good X changes.
Let's assume the price of good X increases from $8 to $9.
ΔPx = ($9 - $8) / $8 = 0.125 (12.5% increase)
Now, we substitute the new price of good X into the demand function for good Y:
Qy' = 67 - 5Py
To calculate the new quantity demanded of good Y (Qy'), we substitute the new price of good X ($9) into the demand function for good Y:
Qy' = 67 - 5Py
Qy' = 67 - 5(9)
Qy' = 67 - 45
Qy' = 22
Now, we can calculate the percentage change in the quantity demanded of good Y:
%ΔQy = (Qy' - Qy) / Qy
%ΔQy = (22 - 67) / 67
%ΔQy ≈ -0.6716 (approximately -67.16% decrease)
Finally, we can calculate the cross-price elasticity of demand (EQy,Px):
EQy,Px = (%ΔQy / %ΔPx)
EQy,Px = (-0.6716 / 0.125)
EQy,Px ≈ -5.373
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Based on principles from Chapter 3 of the textbook, do you think it could ever be in a firm's best interests to purposely decrease its market share? Briefly explain with an economic argument.
No, it is generally not in a firm's best interests to purposely decrease its market share.
A firm's market share represents its portion of the total market sales, and it is often an indicator of the firm's competitiveness and success in the market. A higher market share is generally associated with greater revenue, profitability, and market power. It allows the firm to benefit from economies of scale, enjoy higher bargaining power with suppliers, and capture a larger customer base.
However, there may be exceptional cases where deliberately reducing market share can be beneficial. One such scenario could be when a firm operates in an overcrowded or saturated market where competition is intense, and maintaining a large market share becomes costly and unprofitable. In such cases, strategically focusing on niche markets or specific product segments where the firm has a comparative advantage might lead to higher profitability and sustainability.
Additionally, a firm might intentionally decrease market share temporarily to reposition its brand, introduce new products, or implement strategic changes to enhance long-term growth and profitability. By sacrificing short-term market share, the firm aims to strengthen its competitive position and capture a larger share in the future.
Overall, intentionally reducing market share is not a common strategy, but under certain circumstances and with careful planning, it can be a viable approach to improve a firm's long-term prospects in specific market conditions.
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General guideline, transfer pricing. The Aqua Company manufactures and sells television sets. Its assembly division (AD) buys television screens from the screen division (SD) and assembles the TV sets. The SD, which is operating at capacity, incurs an incremental manufacturing cost of $60 per screen. The SD can sell all its output to the outside market at a price of $110 per screen, after incurring a variable market- ing and distribution cost of $10 per screen. If the AD purchases screens from outside suppliers at a price of $110 per screen, it will incur a variable purchasing cost of $8 per screen. Aqua's division managers can act autonomously to maximize their own division's operating income.bulbniton 1. What is the minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD? 2. What is the maximum transfer price at which the AD manager would be willing to purchase screens from the SD? nislox3 900611 oli ahogni sidstegn Tachism and bri dve to nou 3. Now suppose that the SD can sell only 80% of its output capacity of 10,000 screens per month on the pricopen market. Capacity cannot be reduced in the short run. The AD can assemble and sell more than 10,000 TV sets per month. ateoo nobudhizib bus a. What is the minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to besim the AD? serind oders, waru0420S. b. From the point of view of Aqua's management, how much of the SD output should be transferred to the AD? 190C. If Aqua mandates the SD and AD managers to "split the difference" on the minimum and maxi- mum transfer prices they would be willing to negotiate over, what would be the resulting transfer price? Does this price achieve the outcome desired in requirement 3b? opiva ant ni stueet eine orli jabong
1. The minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD is $60. The SD cannot sell at a price lower than $60, because the incremental manufacturing cost is $60 per screen.
2. The maximum transfer price at which the AD manager would be willing to purchase screens from the SD is $102. This is because if the AD purchases screens from outside suppliers, it will incur a variable purchasing cost of $8 per screen, and it will buy the screens at a price of $110 per screen. Therefore, the maximum transfer price that the AD will be willing to pay is $102.
3. The minimum transfer price at which the SD manager would be willing to sell screens to the AD is $68. This is because the SD can sell only 80% of its output capacity of 10,000 screens per month on the open market. Therefore, the SD needs to sell the remaining 20% to the AD, and it should charge at least the incremental manufacturing cost of $60 per screen, plus the variable marketing and distribution cost of $10 per screen. This equals a minimum transfer price of $68 per screen.
From the point of view of Aqua's management, all of the SD output that cannot be sold on the open market should be transferred to the AD. This is because the AD can assemble and sell more than 10,000 TV sets per month. Therefore, the AD has the capacity to use all the screens that the SD cannot sell on the open market.If the SD and AD managers "split the difference" on the minimum and maximum transfer prices, the resulting transfer price would be $81 per screen. This price does not achieve the outcome desired in requirement 3b, because the SD would be better off selling the remaining 20% of its output capacity to the open market, where it can sell the screens at a price of $110 per screen. Therefore, the transfer price should be at least $68 per screen.
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At December 31, 2022, before any year-end adjustments, Sheridan Corp's Insurance Expense account had a balance of $860 and its Prepaid Insurance account had a balance of $3520. It was determined that $1600 of the Prepaid Insurance had expired. The adjusted balance for Insurance Expense for the year would be a. $2460. b. $ 860. c. $1925. d. $1600.
The adjusted balance for Insurance Expense for the year would be a. $2460.
The main answer is $2460. This is determined by subtracting the expired portion of the Prepaid Insurance ($1600) from the balance of the Insurance Expense account ($860).
To explain further, the Insurance Expense account represents the cost of insurance coverage for Sheridan Corp. The balance of $860 indicates the total insurance expenses incurred during the year before any adjustments. On the other hand, the Prepaid Insurance account shows the amount paid in advance for insurance coverage.
Since $1600 of the Prepaid Insurance had expired, it means that portion of the payment made for insurance coverage is no longer valid for the current year. Therefore, it needs to be recognized as an expense in the Insurance Expense account.
Subtracting the expired portion of Prepaid Insurance ($1600) from the initial balance of Insurance Expense ($860) gives us the adjusted balance of $2460. This represents the total insurance expenses for the year after taking into account the expiration of prepaid coverage.
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An Electrical Instrument Limited used to fix its sterilizer price as follows: Per sterilizer ($.) Material 30 Labour 10 Variable overheads 10 50 Fixed Costs 25 Profit 25 sales price 100 This data relates to 50,000 sterilizers of a year.. As per the prevailing competitive conditions in the market the company has to reduce its sale price. To get the same profit how much production is required in the following cases? (a) When sale price is reduced by 10% (b) When sale price is reduced by 20%
a) To maintain the same profit after a 10% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,000 sterilizers.
b) To maintain the same profit after a 20% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,250 sterilizers.
To determine the required production quantity to maintain the same profit under different sale price reductions, we need to calculate the revised cost structure and use it to find the new sales volume.
(a) When the sale price is reduced by 10%:
The new sale price would be 90% of the original price. We can calculate the revised cost structure as follows:
Material: $30
Labour: $10
Variable overheads: $10
Fixed costs: $25
Profit: $25 (unchanged)
The revised cost per sterilizer would be:
Cost per sterilizer = Material + Labour + Variable overheads + Fixed costs
Cost per sterilizer = $30 + $10 + $10 + $25
Cost per sterilizer = $75
To maintain the same profit, we can use the formula:
Required production quantity = Total profit / Profit per unit
Required production quantity = $25,000 / ($100 - $75)
Required production quantity = $25,000 / $25
Required production quantity = 1,000 sterilizers
Therefore, to maintain the same profit after a 10% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,000 sterilizers.
(b) When the sale price is reduced by 20%:
The new sale price would be 80% of the original price. Using the same cost structure as above, the revised cost per sterilizer would be $80.
Using the same formula:
Required production quantity = Total profit / Profit per unit
Required production quantity = $25,000 / ($100 - $80)
Required production quantity = $25,000 / $20
Required production quantity = 1,250 sterilizers
Therefore, to maintain the same profit after a 20% sale price reduction, the company would need to produce 1,250 sterilizers.
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Case Brief: Grande v. Jennings
Summary, Issue, Rule, Analysis, and Conclusion in paragraphs
Please number each one.
Grande v. Jennings was a case in which the plaintiff alleged negligence against the defendant, Dr. Jennings, for failing to diagnose her lung cancer in a timely manner.
Here is a brief of the case:
Summary:
In Grande v. Jennings, the plaintiff, Barbara Grande, alleged that Dr. Jennings negligently failed to diagnose her lung cancer in a timely manner, causing her to suffer severe harm. She argued that Dr. Jennings breached his duty of care by failing to order a chest x-ray despite her persistent cough and other symptoms.
Issue:
The main issue in this case was whether Dr. Jennings was negligent in his failure to diagnose Ms. Grande's lung cancer in a timely manner.
Rule:
To establish negligence, a plaintiff must show that the defendant breached his or her duty of care, which was the failure to order a chest x-ray despite Ms. Grande's persistent cough and other symptoms.
Analysis:
The court considered the evidence presented by both parties and found that Dr. Jennings breached his duty of care by not ordering a chest x-ray. Ms. Grande's persistent cough and other symptoms should have alerted Dr. Jennings to the possibility of lung cancer, and he should have taken appropriate action to diagnose her condition. The court also found that this breach of duty caused Ms. Grande to suffer severe harm, which could have been prevented with timely diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the court found that Dr. Jennings was negligent in failing to diagnose Ms. Grande's lung cancer in a timely manner. This breach of duty caused Ms. Grande to suffer severe harm, and Dr. Jennings was therefore liable for damages. The court awarded Ms. Grande $2 million in damages for pain and suffering, lost wages, and medical expenses.
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(1) Cash (2) Service Revenue (3) Accounts Receivable (4) Salaries Expense (5) Dividends (6) Common Stock (7) Salaries Payable (8) Retained Earnings Select the true statement (note: an answer may be true even if it does not identify all accounts that appear on a particular statement). a. Account numbers 4, 5, and 6 will appear on the statement of changes in equity. b. Account numbers 2, 5, and 8 will appear on the statement of cash flows. C. Account numbers 1, 3, and 7 will appear on the balance sheet. d. Account numbers 2, 4, and 5 will appear on the income statement.
The true statement is:
d. Account numbers 2, 4, and 5 will appear on the income statement.
The income statement is a financial statement that shows a company's revenues and expenses during a specific period of time. It helps to determine the profitability of the business. In this case, account numbers 2, 4, and 5 are the relevant accounts that would typically appear on an income statement.
Account number 2, "Service Revenue," represents the income generated by providing services to customers. It is a key component of the income statement as it shows the revenue earned by the company.
Account number 4, "Salaries Expense," represents the cost of salaries paid to employees. It is an expense that is incurred in running the business and is subtracted from the revenue to determine the net income.
Account number 5, "Dividends," represents the distribution of profits to shareholders. While dividends are not an expense, they are deducted from the retained earnings on the income statement.
These three accounts are directly related to the determination of the company's net income, which is the key focus of the income statement. Therefore, account numbers 2, 4, and 5 will appear on the income statement.
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3. Explain the idea behind the non-traditional media. How is it used? Give an example from your own experience of one type of non-traditional media.
Non-traditional media can be a valuable tool for businesses looking to engage their target audience and boost their ROI.
Non-traditional media refers to any new medium used to communicate with the masses besides traditional media such as newspapers, radio, and television. It can be any format such as podcasts, blogs, social media, mobile applications, and more.
Non-traditional media is often more cost-effective, efficient, and easier to access than traditional media, allowing companies to reach a broader audience. They also provide an opportunity for businesses to engage with their target audience by creating more personalized messages, which can result in increased customer loyalty and engagement.
For example, influencer marketing is a type of non-traditional media that utilizes social media platforms to advertise and promote products or services. This form of marketing relies on the use of popular personalities with large followings to drive brand awareness and increase sales.
A well-executed influencer marketing campaign can result in a higher return on investment (ROI) compared to traditional marketing methods. In conclusion, non-traditional media can be a valuable tool for businesses looking to engage their target audience and boost their ROI.
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